What affects the possibilities and success of opposition cooperation in the Arab world? This piece examines the various contributions to the special issue, highlighting their insights into the types of opposition cooperation prevalent in the region, and the factors that influence the formation, endurance and success of cooperative arrangements. Understanding the structure and dynamics of opposition cooperation, as well as its success and failure, is critical in developing an analytic framework from which to launch further research on the evolving political and sociological realities in the Arab world. Drawing from the contributions in this special issue, this piece concludes by exploring how the uprisings of 2011 are likely to affect cooperation across opposition groups in the future.