The paper is devoted to the analysis of the historical background, the conditions of the formation and spread of the Salafi movement in Egypt. R. Meyer, E. Mirishli, M. Razbadinov, and other historians and political scientists conducted the investigation of Salafi movement and its various assessments. The purpose of given paper is to present the role of Salafi movement in the modern political life of Egypt, to substantiate the role of supporters of the movement in resolving the conflict situation in the country.

We made the conclusion that Salafism is not a uniform phenomenon. In Egypt, part of representative of this movement supported the events of the “Arab Spring”, part was the supporters of the military take-over.